unidad 3 y 4

3-Making a Computer Center Work

Before you begin planning your personal center strategy, it helps to think about the dynamics of your classroom. Do you use learning centers regularly? If so, you'll find your students adapt quickly to using a computer center. If centers are a new concept in your room, take the time to discuss with students your procedures for moving to and from the computer center as well as how they should hand in completed center activities. Think also about your daily schedule. How many days will it take for every student to visit the computer center? Posting a computer schedule with times for each student helps keep the "Is it my turn yet?" questions at bay. Finally, think about classroom arrangement. If a small group of students will be using computers while the rest are at their desks, make sure the computers don't become a distraction. Inexpensive headphones can help, as can rotating monitors away from the classroom. By preparing yourself for the mechanics of maintaining a computer center, the time your students spend there will be much more productive.

ACTIVITIES

El texto, de acuerdo a la imagen, trata sobre las computadoras en el aula.

1.- TOPICO DEL TEXTO

LAS COMPUTADORAS EN EL AULA

2 .- IDEA GENERAL DEL TEXTO

ALGUNAS ESTRATEGIAS PARA ORGANIZAR EL CENTRO DE COMPUTACION EN EL AULA.

3.-PALABRAS QUE SE REPITEN

COMPUTER, CENTER Work, ROOM, STUDENT, SCHEDULE.

4.-PALABRAS QUE SE PARECEN EN ESPAÑOL

PERSONAL, CENTER, STRATEGY, DYNAMICS, STUDENT, ADAPT, ACTIVITIES.

5.- PALABRAS EN NEGRITA, TITUTLO O SUBTITULOS QUE AYUDAN A ENTENDER EL TEXTO

 EL TITULO DEL TEXTO: MAKING A COMPUTER CENTER WORK

6.-DE QUE TRATA EL TEXTO

TRATA SOBRE DIVERSAS ESTRATEGIAS PARA ORGANIZAR LOS ESPACIOS Y LOS TIEMPOS DEL  AULA CON EL CENTRO DE COMPUTACION

4.

A--TEXTO DE DEFINICION

Technology is the making, usage and knowledge of tools, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or serve some purpose. The word technology comes from Greek τεχνολογία (technología); from τέχνη (téchnē), meaning "art, skill, craft", and -λογία (-logía), meaning "study of-".^[1] The term can either be applied generally or to specific areas: examples include construction technology, medical technology, and information technology.

Dictionaries and scholars have offered a variety of definitions. The Merriam-Webster dictionary offers a definition of the term: "the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area" and "a capability given by the practical application of knowledge".^[1] Ursula Franklin, in her 1989 "Real World of Technology" lecture, gave another definition of the concept; it is "practice, the way we do things around here".^[7] The term is often used to imply a specific field of technology, or to refer to high technology or just consumer electronics, rather than technology as a whole.^[8] Bernard Stiegler, in Technics and Time, 1, defines technology in two ways: as "the pursuit of life by means other than life", and as "organized inorganic matter

DEFINICIONES

Technology is the making, usage and knowledge of tools, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or serve some purpose.

 "the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area" and "a capability given by the practical application of knowledge.

MARCADORES DE DEFINICION

VERBO TO BE: is, comes from, examples, the term is often used to

B.-First general-purpose computers

In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the textile loomby introducing a series of punched paper cards as a template which allowed his loom to weave intricate patterns automatically. The resulting Jacquard loom was an important step in the development of computers because the use of punched cards to define woven patterns can be viewed as an early, albeit limited, form of programmability.

The Most Famous Image in the Early History of Computing ^[20]

This portrait of Jacquard was woven in silk on a Jacquard loom and required 24,000 punched cards to create (1839). It was only produced to order. Charles Babbageowned one of these portraits; it inspired him in using perforated cards in his analytical engine ^[21]

It was the fusion of automatic calculation with programmability that produced the first recognizable computers. In 1837, Charles Babbagewas the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer, his analytical engine.^[22]Limited finances and Babbage's inability to resist tinkering with the design meant that the device was never completed ; nevertheless his son, Henry Babbage, completed a simplified version of the analytical engine's computing unit (the mill) in 1888. He gave a successful demonstration of its use in computing tables in 1906. This machine was given to the Science museum in South Kensington in 1910.

In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerithinvented the recording of data on a machine readable medium. Prior uses of machine readable media, above, had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..."^[23]To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunchmachines. These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. Large-scale automated data processing of punched cards was performed for the 1890 United States Censusby Hollerith's company, which later became the core of IBM. By the end of the 19th century a number of ideas and technologies, that would later prove useful in the realization of practical computers, had begun to appear: Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube(thermionic valve), punched cards and tape, and the teleprinter.

During the first half of the 20th century, many scientific computingneeds were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electricalmodel of the problem as a basis for computation. However, these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers.

Alan Turingis widely regarded to be the father of modern computer science. In 1936 Turing provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine, providing a blueprint for the electronic digital computer.^[24]Of his role in the creation of the modern computer, Timemagazine in naming Turing one of the 100 most influentialpeople of the 20th century, states: "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine".^[24]

MARCADORES DE TIEMPO

In 1801, In the late 1880s, later, During the first half of the 20th century.

IDEA GENERAL DEL TEXTO

EL ORIGEN DE LAS PRIMERAS COMPUTADORAS Y SUS CREADORES.